@article {9779,
	title = {Discovery of the South American rice miner (Diptera: Ephydridae) in southeastern United States},
	journal = {Annals of the Entomological Society of America},
	volume = {99},
	number = {6},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Zoor14304022229},
	month = {November},
	pages = {999-1005},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The South American rice miner, Hydrellia wirthi Korytkowski (Diptera: Ephydridae), a recently discovered, invasive pest of rice, Oryza sativa L., is reported from southeastern United States (Louisiana and Texas). A detailed description and diagnosis with illustrations and photographs are provided to facilitate identification, along with descriptions of its damage as a miner in rice whorls, stems, and leaves. The localities where this invasive species has been found in Louisiana and Texas are provided.},
	keywords = {Animals and man, Damage caused by animals, Damage to, hosts, Hydrellia wirthi - Korytkowski 1982 (Ephydridae): [Parasite, Hydrellia wirthi [Damage to crops / / ] [Plant hosts / Oryza sativa /, Land zones, Louisiana \&, Nearctic region, New, New geographical records, North America, Parasites diseases and disorders, record]., systematics, systematics \& pest status, Texas] [Louisiana / / ] [Texas / / ]., USA, vegetation},
	isbn = {0013-8746},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14304022229},
	author = {Mathis, Wayne N. and Castro, Boris A. and Way, Michael O. and Zatwarnicki, T.}
}
@book {9157,
	title = {The Diptera families of British Columbia},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {British Columbia, Carnidae, Carnus hemapterus, Desmometopa, Eusiphona mira, Leptometopa, Madiza, Meoneura, Meoneura flavifacies, Meoneura triangularis, Milichiella, Milichiidae, Neophyllomyza, Paramyia, Pholeomyia, Phyllomyza},
	url = {http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/library/FIA/2006/FSP_Y062001b.pdf},
	author = {Scudder, G. G. E. and Cannings, R. A.}
}
@article {9102,
	title = {A contribution to the list of Lithuanian dipteran fauna},
	journal = {New and Rare for Lithuania Insect Species},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {48{\textendash}56},
	keywords = {Carnidae, Desmometopa sordida, Leptometopa latipes, Lithuania, Meoneura lacteipennis, Meoneura neottiophila, Milichiidae},
	author = {Dumcius, Ovidijus and Pakalni{\v s}kis, S.}
}
@article {9099,
	title = {Checklist of Lithuanian Diptera},
	journal = {New and Rare for Lithuania Insect Species Records and Descriptions},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2006},
	month = {[2006.12.05]},
	pages = {16-148},
	keywords = {Carnidae, Desmometopa sordida, Leptometopa latipes, Lithuania, Madiza glabra, Meoneura lacteipennis, Meoneura neottiophila, Milichiidae, Phyllomyza securicornis},
	isbn = {1648{\textendash}8555},
	url = {http://www.entomologai.lt/files/new_and_rare_vol_18.pdf},
	author = {Pakalni{\v s}kis, S. and Bernotiene, R. and Lutovinovas, E. and Petra{\v s}iunas, A. and Podenas, S. and Rim{\v s}aite, J. and S{\ae}ther, O. A. and Spungis, V.}
}
@article {8817,
	title = {The first record of Carnus hemapterus (Diptera, Carnidae) on nestlings of the tree sparrow (Passer montanus)},
	journal = {Entomofauna Carpathica},
	volume = {18},
	number = {3-4},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {74},
	type = {Article},
	keywords = {Carnidae, Carnus hemapterus, Slovak Republic},
	isbn = {1335-1214},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14410062611 },
	author = {Jano{\v s}kov{\'a} V and Sobekova, Karolina}
}
@article {6856,
	title = {Revision of the untreated taxa of Melaloncha s.s. bee-killing flies (Diptera: Phoridae)},
	journal = {Zootaxa},
	volume = {1280},
	year = {2006},
	month = {Aug},
	pages = {1-68},
	abstract = {The previously untreated sections of the bee-parasitizing, Neotropical phorid genus Melaloncha Brues are revised. A total of 167 species of these strictly New World flies are now recognized, including the following 36 new species: M. acicula, M. berezovskiyi, M. calathea, M. ciliata, M. cordyla, M. crinita, M. declivata, M. dibitettii, M. erinacea, M. feleoae, M. flavilineata, M. forficata, M. gomezi, M. gonzalezae, M. gradata, M. hirsuta, M. immaculata, M. kittsonae, M. lacerna, M. laselvae, M. licina, M. muricata, M. nannocauda, M. oligoseta, M. pilidorsata, M. prostata, M. rasmusseni, M. rodeoensis, M. ruinensis, M. simoni, M. simotris, M. torquata, M. trichopera, M. umbra, M. xanthocauda and M. zurquiensis. Because of insufficient differences among examined specimens, Melaloncha cuspidata Borgmeier is synonymized with M. palpalis Borgmeier ( new synonymy). A lectotype is designated for the species M. plaumanni Borgmeier. Hosts and behavior of some species is discussed, and a new key to species and species groups of Melaloncha is presented.},
	isbn = {1175-5326},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14211068365 },
	author = {Brown, Brian V.}
}
@article {6857,
	title = {Revision of the Melaloncha ungulata-group of bee-killing flies (Diptera: Phoridae)},
	journal = {Contributions in Science (Los Angeles)},
	volume = {507},
	year = {2006},
	month = {June},
	pages = {1-31},
	abstract = {The Melaloncha ungulata-group is a hypothesized monophyletic lineage based on the presence of a 3-pronged dorsal process, here called the trident, of intersegment 7-8 of the female abdomen. The group is revised and, exclusive of the M. ungulata-series, consists of 3 described species, M. flava Borgmeier, M. nigrifrons Borgmeier, and M. nigrita Borgmeier, plus the following 17 new to science: M. acoma, M. adusta, M. candida, M. caligula, M. claviapex, M. cristida, M. culmena, M. debilis, M. diastata, M. fuscipalpis, M. juxta, M. platypoda, M. setitibialis, M. spina, M. tambopatensis, M. tuparroensis, and M. ustulata. A further described species, M. ungulata Borgmeier, and the following 8 new to science are classified in the M. ungulata-series: M. atrilingula, M. borgymeieri. M. castanea, M. curtibrachia, M. inicua, M. laticlava, M. pegmata, M. strigosa, and M. trita. Phylogenetic relationships within this group are partially resolved, with M. acoma, M. adusta, M. candida, and M. nigrita considered closely related, the M. ungulata-series forming a second monophyletic group, and the majority of the rest of the species belonging, although With unresolved relationships, within a larger monophyletic group containing the M. ungulata-series. Hosts and behavior of several species of these Neotropical bee-killing flies are recorded.},
	isbn = {0459-8113},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14210061350 },
	author = {Brown, Brian V. and Kung, Giar-Ann}
}
@article {6816,
	title = {Occurrence and biological characteristics of parasitoid phorids (Diptera: Phoridae) of the leaf-cutting ant Atta laevigata (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Porto Nacional, TO, Brazil},
	journal = {Neotropical Entomology},
	volume = {35},
	number = {3},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Ocorrencia e caracteristicas biologicas de forideos parasitoides (Diptera: Phoridae) da sauva Atta laevigata (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) em Porto Nacional, TO.},
	month = {May-June},
	pages = {408-411},
	abstract = {The purpose of this study was to verify the occurrence of parasitism in Atta laevigata (Smith) by phorids in Porto Nacional, Tocantins, Brazil and to evaluate some biological characteristics of those flies. From October/2002 to September/2003, at 15-day intervals, 22 samplings were carried out (149.5 [plus or minus] 82.9 workers each) comprising 3,704 ants. In the laboratory, the ants were distributed in groups of five individuals per petri dish and maintained at temperature of 25 PC and 80 5\% of RH. They were fed daily with a 50\% honey solution until death. The total of 106 workers (2.8\%), collected with or without load (plant fragment), were parasitized by phorids: 72 workers (68\%) were parasitized by Apocephalus vicosae Disney, 28 individuals (26.4\%) by Neodohrniphora erthali Brown, and six (5.6\%) by Apocephalus attophilus Borgmeier. The higher parasitism rates by A. vicosae (3.9-5.4\%) were observed during the dry season (June-August), while the parasitism by N. erthali was lower than 2.3\% throughout the year. The bigger workers were parasitized by bigger parasitoid N. erthali or by parasitoid with larger number of larvae A. attophilus. The occurrence of three phorid species in Tocantins broadens the distribution of these flies in Brazil. The development of A. vicosae larva within the thorax of the host as well as the rupture between the ant pronotum and propleuron so that the emergence of the fly can take place are characteristics not yet described on parasitism of leaf-cutting ants by phorids.},
	isbn = {1519-566X},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14212071839 },
	author = {Braganca, Marcos A. L. and Medeiros, Zodja C. S.}
}
@article {6817,
	title = {New records of the rarely collected ant-decapitating fly Apocephalus tenuipes Borgmeier (Diptera: Phoridae)},
	journal = {Southeastern Naturalist},
	volume = {5},
	number = {2},
	year = {2006},
	month = {June},
	pages = {367-368},
	abstract = {The ant-decapitating fly Apocephalus tenuipes (Diptera: Phoridae) was known previously only from two Florida specimens. Here we report two additional Florida records and a Mississippi record that represents a significant range extension. Field observations of A. tenuipes are presented as well.},
	isbn = {1528-7092},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14210065094 },
	author = {Hill, JoVonn G. and Brown, Brian V.}
}
@article {3523,
	title = {The morphology, higher-level phylogeny and classification of the Empidoidea (Diptera)},
	journal = {Zootaxa},
	volume = {1180},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {1-172},
	author = {Sinclair, B. J. and Cumming, J. M.}
}
@article {1170,
	title = {Diverse Milichiella Giglio-Tos (Diptera: Milichiidae) in Miocene Dominican amber},
	journal = {Insect systematics \& evolution},
	volume = {37},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {17-26},
	type = {article},
	keywords = {amber, Milichiella},
	author = {Brake, I.}
}
@article {1201,
	title = {A new family and genus of acalypterate flies from the Neotropical region, with a phylogenetic analysis of Carnoidea family relationships (Diptera, Schizophora)},
	journal = {Systematic Entomology},
	volume = {31},
	number = {3},
	year = {2006},
	month = {July},
	pages = {377-404},
	abstract = {The acalypterate family Inbiomyiidae fam.n. (Diptera, Carnoidea) is described for the newly discovered Neotropical genus Inbiomyia gen.n. with its type species I. mcalpineorum sp.n. from Costa Rica. The genus ranges from Guatemala south to French Guiana and Bolivia and includes a total of fourteen undescribed species, ten of which will be described formally in a separate paper. Inbiomyia is distinctive, with characteristic, extremely shortened head with nonfunctional ptilinum and reduced chaetotaxy, shortened first flagellomere with very elongate, dorsoapically inserted arista, proboscis with largely separate labellar lobes that point in different directions, mid tibia lacking apicoventral bristle, unusual fusion of male sternites 5-7, reduced male sternite 8, elongate surstyluslike ventral epandrial lobes, cerci absent in both sexes, extremely truncate female genitalia, and large, extremely flattened eggs. The larva of Inbiomyia and its biology are unknown. Inbiomyia occurs mostly in primary lowland rain forest and often is associated with the decaying foliage of fallen trees. Inbiomyiidae belong in the superfamily Carnoidea. The previously doubtful monophyly of the Carnoidea is accepted tentatively on the basis of newly established synapomorphies of the male genitalia. Family level relationships of the Carnoidea are analysed quantitatively for the first time based on a matrix of fifty-eight morphological characters. The putative sister group relationship of Inbiomyiidae to the monotypic Australasian family Australimyzidae is supported by several synapomorphies, mostly from the male and female postabdomen. Family status for the Australimyzidae is confirmed, rejecting previous claims of a sister group relationship (or synonymy) with the Carnidae. The analysis also leads to revised hypotheses of the relationships of Cryptochetidae and Acartophthalmidae, and the paraphyly of \&$\#$39;Tethinidae\&$\#$39; with regard to Canacidae, suspected by previous authors, is confirmed
},
	keywords = {Acartophthalmidae, Australimyzidae, Carnidae, Carnoidea, Cryptochetidae, Inbiomyiidae, Milichiidae, phylogenetic systematic},
	isbn = {0307-6970},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14211067668 },
	author = {Buck, M.}
}
@article {1202,
	title = {Revision of the Neotropical family Inbiomyiidae (Diptera, Schizophora)},
	journal = {Contributions in Science (Los Angeles)},
	volume = {513},
	year = {2006},
	month = {November},
	pages = {1-30},
	isbn = {0459-8113},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14303017333 },
	author = {Buck, M. and Marshall, S. A.}
}
@article {1540,
	title = {[Ectoparasites in young cormorants in Denmark.]},
	journal = {Dansk Ornitologisk Forenings Tidsskrift},
	volume = {100},
	number = {4},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Ektoparasitter hos danske skarvunger.},
	pages = {313-314},
	isbn = {0011-6394},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14303018279 },
	author = {Hansen, Helle Juul}
}
@article {1782,
	title = {A first record of Hybotidae (Diptera: Empidoidea) associated with leaf-cutting ants, and other flies associated with Atta colombica (Guerin-Meneville)},
	journal = {Studia Dipterologica},
	volume = {13},
	number = {2},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {203-207},
	abstract = {An unidentified species of Drapetis is recorded from leaf fragments carried by foraging colombica. This is the first record of an association between Hybotidae and leaf-cutting and its possible significance is discussed. Other Atta associates, including Pholeomyia (Milichiidae) Apocephalus spinosus BROWN (Phoridae), and Acanthopria spec. (Hymenopte Diapriidae) are recorded as riding leaf fragments of A. colombica.},
	keywords = {Milichiidae, myrmekophilous, Pholeomyia},
	isbn = {0945-3954},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14311068916 },
	author = {Marshall, Stephen A. and Solis, Manuel A. and Marshall, Stephen N.}
}
@article {1783,
	title = {Relative importance of factors affecting nestling immune response differs between junior and senior nestlings within broods of hoopoes Upupa epops},
	journal = {Journal of Avian Biology},
	volume = {37},
	number = {5},
	year = {2006},
	month = {September},
	pages = {467-476},
	abstract = {Animals should invest in the immune system to protect themselves from parasites, but the cost of immune responses may limit investment depending on resource availability. In birds\&$\#$39; broods, senior and junior chicks in size hierarchies face different rearing conditions, and thus we predicted that factors affecting immune response should differ between them. In asynchronously hatched hoopoe Upupa epops broods, we found that the immune response of senior nestlings was not related to their body condition, but positively related to risk of parasitism (which was indirectly estimated by laying date). This suggests that their immunocompetence is not limited by access to resources, and they can differentially invest in immune response with increasing risk of parasitism. On the other hand, immune response of junior nestlings was related to their body condition, but secondarily also to risk of parasitism. Our results agree with previous studies that have found significant influence of nutritional status and risk of parasitism on nestlings immune defence, but show that the effects of these environmental factors on nestling immunocompetence differ between nestlings occupying high and low rank positions in size hierarchies. The possible influence of maternal effects on the results found is also discussed.
},
	keywords = {Carnidae, Carnus, Carnus hemapterus, Spain},
	isbn = {0908-8857},
	author = {Martin-Vivaldi, Manuel and Ruiz-Rodriguez, Magdalena and Mendez, Maria and Juan J. Soler}
}
@article {1877,
	title = {Complete excavation and mapping of a Texas leafcutting ant nest},
	journal = {Annals of the Entomological Society of America},
	volume = {99},
	number = {5},
	year = {2006},
	month = {September},
	pages = {891-897},
	abstract = {A medium-sized nest of the Texas leafcutting ant, Atta texana (Buckley), in northern Louisiana was excavated completely, and a three-dimensional model of its external and subterranean features was constructed. In total, 97 fungus gardens, 27 dormancy cavities, and 45 detritus cavities were located. At the lower center of the funnel-shaped nest was a large central cavity, which in winter functions as a domicile for the colony and where the alate brood is reared. Vertical tunnels, possibly as deep as 32 in, may serve as wells leading to the water table. Winter mean annual temperatures within the central cavity may limit the northern geographical range of A. texana to [approximately equal]33[degree] N latitude. The inquilines Attaphila fungicola Wheeler, Pholeomyia comans Sabrosky, Ceuthophilm sp., Lobopoda subcuneatus Campbell, Geomysaprinus nr. formicus (Hinton), species of Aleocharinae, and a species of Annelida were seen in nest cavities and galleries.},
	keywords = {comans, Milichiidae, myrmekophilous, Pholeomyia},
	isbn = {0013-8746},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14304020788 },
	author = {Moser, John C.}
}
@article {1979,
	title = {New records of Diptera species from Hungary, with the list of the Hungarian Scathophagidae},
	journal = {Folia Entomologica Hungarica},
	volume = {67},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {221-228},
	abstract = {First Hungarian record of 16 species of Macroceridae, Mycetophilidae, Acroceridae, Empididae, Lonchopteridae, Lauxaniidae, Chamaemyiidae, Carnidae, Scathophagidae and Tachinididae are reported with additional data for other rare Diptera. Meoneura sabroskyi sp. n. (Carnidae) is described from Hungary, the genera Anthepiscopus BECKER, 1891 (Empididae), Delina ROBINEAU-DESVOIDY, 1830, Scoliaphleps BECKER, 1894 and Spathephilus BECKER, 1894 (Scathophagidae) are reported for the first time. The revised list of the Hungarian Scathophagidae (41 spp.) is given. With four figures.},
	keywords = {Carnidae, Hungary, Meoneura sabroskyi, species description},
	isbn = {0373-9465},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14303019223 },
	author = {Papp, L.}
}
@article {1981,
	title = {Diptera of Thailand. A summary of the families and genera with references to the species representations},
	journal = {Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae},
	volume = {52},
	number = {2},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {97-269},
	abstract = {Results of the Diptera identifications in the materials collected by the workers of the Hungarian Natural History Museum (HNHM) in Thailand in 2003 and 2004 are reported (supplemented by a collection in 2000 of the MHNG). A summary of the dipterous families and genera represented in Thailand are given with references to the species representations. Twenty-four families are reported for the first time from Thailand, by which representatives of 99 Diptera families are known from Thailand. Several genera and species are recorded also from Vietnam. Three new genera, Asiodixa L. PAPP, gen. n. (Dixidae, type species A. maculosa sp. n.), Bisubcosta L. PAPP, gen. n. (Keroplatidae, type species B. oligoneura sp. n.) and Stenocyamops L. PAPP, gen. n (Stenomicridae, type species S. thaii sp. n.) and a subgenus Paramyioides (Spinitrochanter) L. PAPP, subg. n. (Milichiidae, type species P. (S.) horrida sp. n.), as well as 29 new species are described from Thailand: Asiodixa maculosa L. PAPP, sp. n., Asiodixa pura L. PAPP, sp. n., Thaumalea nigronitida L. PAPP, sp. n., Mesochria thaii L. PAPP, sp. n., Bisubcosta oligoneura L. PAPP, sp. n., Heteropterna oroszi L. PAPP, sp. n., Heteropterna thaii L. PAPP, sp. n., Platyroptilon jarujini L. PAPP, sp. n., Setostylus alienus L. PAPP, sp. n., Xenokeroplatus continentalis L. PAPP, sp. n., Lycosepsis bisela L. PAPP, sp. n., Lycorsepsis oedipus L. PAPP, sp. n. Formicosepsis paratinctipennis L. PAPP, sp. n., Strongylophthalmyia dorsocentralis L. PAPP, sp. n., Strongylophthalmyia macrocera L. PAPP, sp. n., S. palpalis L. PAPP, sp. n., S. thaii L. PAPP, sp. n., Noonamyia sasakawai L. PAPP, sp. n., Spaniocelypus paradentatus L. PAPP, sp. n., Odinia thaii L. PAPP, sp. n., Aldrichionivza iwasai L. PAPP, sp. n., Paramyioides (Spinitrochanter) horrida L. PAPP, sp. n., P. (S.)spinosa L. PAPP, sp. n., Campichoeta (Thryptocheta)flavicauda L. PAPP, sp. n., Cyamops fumipennis L. PAPP, sp. n., Stenomicra flava L. PAPP, sp. n., Podocera claripennis L. PAPP, sp. n., P. variegata L. PAPP, sp. n., Stenocyamops thaii L. PAPP, sp. n. With 139 figures.},
	keywords = {Aldrichiomyza, Desmometopa, genus description, horrida, iwasai, lacteipennis, Milichiella, Milichiidae, Neophyllomyza, nitida, Paramyia, Paramyioides, Phyllomyza, singaporensis, smithi, species description, Spinitrochanter, spinosa, Stomosis, Thailand},
	isbn = {1217-8837},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14304024297 },
	author = {Papp, L. and Merz, B. and Foldvari, M.}
}
@article {2282,
	title = {Prolonged diapause in the ectoparasite Carnus hemapterus (Diptera: Cyclorrhapha, Acalyptratae) - how frequent is it in parasites},
	journal = {Parasitology},
	volume = {133},
	number = {2},
	year = {2006},
	month = {August},
	pages = {179-186},
	abstract = {Prolonged diapause is usually interpreted as an adaptation to unpredictable environmental conditions and resource availability. Many parasites usually face highly unpredictable environments, therefore prolonged diapause should be common among these organisms. Here we examine the occurrence and frequency of prolonged diapause in the ectoparasite Carnus hemapterus (Diptera: Cyclorrhapha, Acalyptratae). We found that the studied population is polymorphic with respect to diapause duration. Emergence of carnid flies after 2 and 3 wintering seasons was therefore detected in around 17\% and 21\% of the samples respectively. The number of flies with prolonged diapause ranked 0.88-50\% with respect to the number of flies emerging during the first spring. Both the occurrence of prolonged diapause and the number of flies with a long life-cycle are related to the number of flies emerging during the first spring. The emergence pattern of flies with prolonged diapause was very similar to that observed for flies with a short cycle and occurred in synchrony with the occurrence of hosts. Prolonged diapause has been frequently reported in plant-feeding insects and in some host-parasitoid systems, but this is, to our knowledge, the second report ever on prolonged diapause in true parasites of animals. We discuss the reasons for the apparent rarity of prolonged diapause among these organisms.
},
	keywords = {Carnidae, Carnus, Carnus hemapterus, Spain},
	isbn = {0031-1820},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14211069128 },
	author = {Valera, F. and Casas-Criville, A. and Calero-Torralbo, M. A.}
}
@article {2284,
	title = {Life-history variation in three coexisting species of carnid flies (Diptera: Carnidae), Carnus hemapterus, Hemeromyia anthracina and Hemeromyia longirostris},
	journal = {European Journal of Entomology},
	volume = {103},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {347-353},
	type = {article},
	keywords = {Carnidae, Carnus, Carnus hemapterus, Hemeromyia, Hemeromyia anthracina, Hemeromyia longirostris, Spain},
	author = {Valera, F. and Mart{\'\i}n-Vivaldi, M. and Carles-Tolr{\'a}, M.}
}
