I.  Brake, ?Carnidae?, in Checkliste der Dipteren Deutschlands, H.  Schumann, Bährmann, R., and Stark, A., Eds. 1999, p. 138.

P. J.  Chandler, Petersen, F. T., and Papp, L., ?Carnidae?, in A preliminary list of the Diptera of Denmark, F. T.  Petersen and Meier, R., Eds. 2001, pp. 188-189.